UK minimum wage rates explained (from April 2025)
The National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage set the legal floor for hourly pay in the UK. Rates rose on 1 April 2025 and depend on your age and whether you're an apprentice. Here's what you should be earning and what to do if you're underpaid.
Minimum wage from 1 April 2025
- National Living Wage (21 and over): £12.21 per hour.
- 18 to 20: £10.00 per hour.
- Under 18: £7.55 per hour.
- Apprentice: £7.55 per hour.
The National Living Wage now applies from age 21 (it was 23 until April 2024). The 16 to 17 and apprentice rates are the same for 2025/26.
When the apprentice rate applies
The apprentice rate applies if you're under 19, or 19 or over but in the first year of your apprenticeship. Once you turn 19 and complete your first year, you move onto the rate for your age, a common point where employers forget to update pay.
Pay that does and doesn't count
Minimum wage is calculated on your average pay over a reference period. Some things don't count towards it:
- Tips and service charges do not count towards minimum wage.
- Deductions for items required for the job (uniform, tools) can take you below the minimum, which is unlawful.
- Accommodation provided by the employer has a capped daily offset that can count.
Unpaid working time is a common trap
A 25-year-old on 37.5 hours
A 25-year-old qualifies for the National Living Wage of £12.21. On 37.5 hours a week that's a legal minimum of about £457.88 a week, or roughly £23,810 a year. If they're paid less per hour, the weekly shortfall multiplied across the year is what they're owed.
Common minimum wage mistakes
- Not updating pay on a birthday. Moving age band, especially turning 21, should trigger a pay rise to the higher rate.
- Counting tips towards the minimum. Tips never count; your basic pay alone must meet the minimum wage.
- Unlawful deductions. Charging for uniforms or tools cannot take pay below the legal minimum.
- Ignoring unpaid working time. Pre- and post-shift duties and certain travel are working time and must be paid.